Copper Complexes with New Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine-Hyaluronan Conjugates Show Antioxidant Properties and Osteogenic and Angiogenic Synergistic Effects

Greco V, Lanza V, Tomasello B, Naletova I, Cairns WRL, Sciuto S, Rizzarelli E · Bioconjugate Chemistry

The conjugate bound Cu(II) and raised expression and release of BDNF, VEGF and BMP-2 beyond the separate components, with nuclear translocation of the copper chaperones CCS and Atox1 acting as transcription factors.

Population

Cell assays of hyaluronan-GHK conjugates at several tripeptide loadings

Intervention

GHK-hyaluronan conjugate with Cu(II)

Comparator

Unconjugated hyaluronan and GHK

Limitations

In-vitro only, and a chemically modified conjugate rather than GHK-Cu itself. Osteogenic marker expression, not bone or cartilage formation.