Tendon, Ligament, and Muscle Injury, Osteotendinous, Myotendinous, and Muscle-to-Bone Junction Therapy Perspectives with Growth Factors and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 — A Review

Matek D, Matek I, Japjec M, Seiwerth S, Sikiric P, et al. · Pharmaceuticals

Reports that locally delivered growth factors (PDGF, TGF-β1, IGF-1, FGF, VEGF, BMPs) improve tendon and ligament healing but that several fail in muscle lesions and all show limited or no effect at the osteotendinous, myotendinous and muscle-to-bone junctions, where the reviewed BPC 157 studies report effect without a carrier.

Population

Preclinical tendon, ligament, muscle and junction studies of PRP, growth factors and BPC 157

Intervention

n/a

Comparator

n/a

Limitations

Written by the originating Zagreb network and reviewing largely its own studies; the comparison with growth factors is narrative, not a pooled analysis.